The judiciary of Kerala is independent of the executive and the legislature, while it is common for leading members of the executive (Kerala Council of Ministers) to be members of the legislature as well. The pre-poll political alliances of Kerala have stabilized strongly in such a manner that, with rare exceptions, most of the coalition partners stick their loyalty to the respective alliances (Left Democratic Front or United Democratic Front). JP – Janata Party. Indian Union Muslim League is a major member of the United Democratic Front. Currently it is the LDF ( Left Democratic Front) headed by Mr.Pinarai Vijayan (CM) governing the State of Kerala. Kerala has 20 seats in the Lok Sabha (Indian Lower House) and nine seats in the Rajya Sabha (the Council of States). When there is more than one secretary in a department, there shall be a clear separation of work.[4]. INL – Indian National League. But, earlier this month, the Kerala government led by the CPI-M under Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan, amended the Kerala Police Act to include a clause that completely destroyed the moral high ground that the party and its members have claimed on the issue of free speech. The leadership pointed out that the party has recently criticised such moves by the central government and asked the state leadership to review the decision. The state bird is the great Indian hornbill (ML:മലമ്പുഴക്കി വേഴാമ്പല്‍). The Travancore Royal Family uses the erstwhile Royal Coat of Arms of Travancore today, whereas Sree Padmanabhaswamy Temple of Trivandrum uses only the imperial conch crest as its coat of arms. Communist Government, Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan, Kerala LDF Government, Kerala Governor Arif Mohammad Khan, Kerala Police Act Amendment 118-A, Kerala Police Act 2011, Kerala … Politics in Kerala is dominated by two political fronts: the Communist Party of India (Marxist)-led Left Democratic Front (LDF) and the Indian National Congress-led United Democratic Front (UDF) since late 1970s. Governors discharge all constitutional functions, such as the appointment of the chief minister, sending reports to the president about failure of constitutional machinery in a state, or with respect to issues relating to the assent to a bill passed by legislature, exercise or their own opinion.[1]. [1] Kerala was the first Indian state where the communists (Communist Party of India) were voted to power. The political system is laid out in the Constitution of India (1950). [3] The business of the state government is transacted through the various secretariat departments based on the rules of business. The rapid reversal marked a rare moment in which an elected government and a political party responded to a blizzard of criticism and undertook a course correction. Kerala State has been divided into 14 districts, 27 revenue divisions, 14 district panchayats, 75 taluks, 152 CD blocks, 1453 revenue villages, 978 Gram panchayats, 6 corporations and 60 municipalities. [3], However, till then the political scenario in Kerala (1957 - 1980) was characterized by continually shifting alliances, party mergers and splits, factionalism within the coalitions and within political parties, and the formation of a numerous splinter groups. The various Kerala Congress factions are primarily patronized by Syrian Christian community mostly in Central Travancore areas like Kottayam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta and Muvattupuzha. [1], The northern Kerala, particularly Kannur, and Palakkad in central Kerala are generally considered to be the heartland for communist support. The governor has the power to summon the assembly or to close the same. In most cases the cabinet members exercise power directly as leaders of the government departments, though some cabinet positions are sinecures to a greater or lesser degree. Image Credits: Wikipedia The alliance first came into power in Kerala in 1981 under K. Karunakaran. The Bharatiya Janata Party (the Party that currently leads the Government of India) is also active in Kerala, but is not part of either coalition. In terms of individual parties, the state has strong leanings towards socialism and thus Communist parties have made strong inroads in Kerala. Like all other Indian states, the minimum age of registration of a voter is 18 years. Each department consists of secretary to the government, who is the official head of the department and such other under secretaries, junior secretaries, officers, and staffs subordinate to him/her. These two coalitions have alternated in power since 1982. The government is led by the chief minister (currently Pinarayi Vijayan, 25 May 2016), who selects all the other ministers. They are collectively responsible to the legislative assembly of the State. This crest was the insignia of Lord Sree Padmanabha (a form of Lord Vishnu) - the national deity of Travancore. Senior CPM leader MA Baby while addressing media, said that the Kerala government invited criticism by hastily amending the Police Act. The governor enjoys many different types of powers: The legislature comprises the governor and the legislative assembly, which is the highest political organ in the state. RSPK(B) – Revolutionary Socialist Party of Kerala (Bolshevik) INGP – Indian National Green Party. The party has strong bases in Ernakulam and Kottayam regions of central Kerala. The alliance was created by the Congress (then known as Congress-Indira) party leader K. Karunakaran in 1978. The Government of Kerala, formally and commonly referred to as Kerala Government is the state government of the Indian state of Kerala. All members of the legislative assembly are directly elected, normally once in every five years by the eligible voters who are above 18 years of age. The two alliances have been alternatively voted to power in Kerala since 1980 (from the First E. K. Nayanar ministry). The conduct of a meeting in the house is the responsibility of the speaker. Ministers of the Kerala Government are responsible to the Kerala Legislative Assembly; they make statements in the assembly and take questions from members of the assembly (the MLAs). He can close the legislative assembly on the recommendation of the chief minister. In many cases, the party focuses a chief ministerial candidate during the election. LDF is lead by CPI(M) . After an election, the Kerala governor (currently Arif Mohammad Khan) selects as chief minister the leader of the party most likely to command the confidence of the assembly, usually by possessing a majority of MLAs. The current politics in Kerala is largely dominated by two pre-poll alliances. Under the Indian constitution, executive authority lies with the governor, although this authority is exercised only by, or on the advice of, the chief minister and the cabinet. The current assembly consists of 140 elected members and one member nominated by the governor from the Anglo-Indian community. As a result of this, ever since 1979, the power has been clearly alternating between the two alliances without any exceptions. Kerala Congress, which has several factions in United Democratic Front and Left Democratic Front, has strong influence in central Kerala. The department is further divided into sections, each of which is under the charge of a section officer. [3], Since the early 1980s these two pre-poll political alliances have alternated in government with neither able to gain re-election for a second term. The Indian National Congress, which leads the UDF coalition, has had a very strong presence in Kerala since pre-Independence days. [6] The largest Communist party is the CPIM and the second largest is the CPI. The party later switched fronts and formed an alliance with the Congress. It led the Kerala government in 1981 - 82 (Karunakaran), 1982 - 87 (Karunakaran), 1991 - 96 (Karunakaran and A. K. Antony), 2001 - 06 (Antony and Oommen Chandy) and 2011 - 16 (Chandy). Generally, the winning party decides the chief minister. Indian National Congress leads the United Democratic Front pre-poll alliance in Kerala. The state flower is the golden shower (ML:കണിക്കൊന്ന), and the state tree is the coconut. The multilateral system has, since 1956, been dominated by the several pre-poll and post-poll alliances. Generally, the winning party and its chief minister chooses the ministers list and submit the list for the Governor's approval. The present Chief Minister is Pinarayi Vijayan, who took office on 25 May 2016. [5] The state fish is the pearlspot or karimeen (കരിമീന്‍‌). [2] Since the 1980s, it has sustained itself as the front to take on the Communist Party of India Marxist-led Left Democratic Front. The state animal of Kerala is the elephant, and the government emblem has two elephants in it. The state cabinet decided on Tuesday to forward a repealing ordinance to the governor to withdraw Section 118A from the Kerala Police Act, less than 24 hours after putting it on hold. The Council of Ministers, which answers to the Legislative Assembly, has its members appointed by the Governor; the appointments receive input from the Chief Minister.

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