It was hosted by the magistrate's wife and attended by respectable matrons of the Roman elite. Elle y est associée à la Déesse de la fertilité, deuxième convive de l'aile I de la table[5]. [18] The rites sanctified the temporary removal of customary constraints imposed on Roman women of all classes by Roman tradition, and underlined the pure and lawful sexual potency of virgins and matrons in a context that excluded any reference to male persons or creatures, male lust or seduction,. Bona Dea, (Latin: “Good Goddess”) in Roman religion, deity of fruitfulness, both in the earth and in women. Everything about Bona Dea was shrouded in mystery – even the real name of this “protective deity of the female sex” (4) was a closely guarded secret among women. Bona Dea means "the good goddess”. – to get drunk and cavort indiscriminately in a sexual free-for-all. They fueled theological speculation, as in Plutarch and Macrobius: and they fed the prurient male imagination – given their innate moral weakness, what might women do when given wine and left to their own devices? Son nom d'origine aurait été Damia, une déesse de la fécondité, liée à Déméter. In Roman mythology, Bona Dea was a healing goddess and the sick were tended in her temple garden with medicinal herbs. [21], The Winter rites of 62 BC were hosted by Pompeia, wife of Julius Caesar, senior magistrate in residence and pontifex maximus. Bona Dea (“The Good Goddess”) was a divinity in ancient Roman religion. The dedication day of her temple on the Aventine was celebrated May 1. [35], Livia's best efforts to restore Bona Dea's reputation had only moderate success in some circles, where scurrilous and titillating stories of the goddess' rites continued to circulate. The literary record offers at least one variation on this type; Macrobius describes her cult statue as overhung by a "spreading vine", and bearing a sceptre in her left hand. https://mythology.wikia.org/wiki/Bona_Dea?oldid=76009. Elle reçut au début décembre un culte d'état, mais secret, strictement réservé aux femmes, rigoureusement interdit aux hommes. In Roman religion he was a pastoral god and protector of flocks, with a shrine and oracle on the Aventine, sometimes identified with Inuus and later, with Greek Pan. Bona Dea "Good Goddess." Surviving statuary shows her as a sedate Roman matron with a cornucopia and a snake. Bona Dea (la Bonne Déesse) est une divinité romaine de la chasteté à la personnalité assez floue, qui fut importée à Rome dans la première moitié du IIIe siècle av. Octavia M(arci) f(ilia) Gamalae (uxor) / portic(um) poliend(am) / et sedeilia faciun(da) / et culina(m) tegend(am) / D(eae) B(onae) curavit [36], From the late 2nd century, an increasing religious syncretism in Rome's traditional religions presents Bona Dea as one of many aspects of Virgo Caelestis, the celestial Virgin, Great Mother of the gods, whom later Mariologists identify as prototype for the Virgin Mary in Christian theology. On trouve des traces de sa pratique dans plusieurs cités de l'Italie centrale, dont Ostie et … Mireille Cébeillac-Gervasoni, Maria Letizia Caldelli, Fausto Zevi, http://bcs.fltr.ucl.ac.be/FASTAM/F5-001-182.html, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bona_Dea&oldid=168926444, Article contenant un appel à traduction en anglais, Portail:Religions et croyances/Articles liés, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence. Shortly after 62 BC, Cicero presents it as one of very few lawful nocturnal festivals allowed to women, privileged to those of aristocratic class, and coeval with Rome's earliest history. [56] Versnel (1992) notes the elements common to the Bona Dea festival, Fauna's myths, and Greek Demeter's Thesmophoria, as "wine, myrtle, serpents and female modesty blemished". Livia's name did not and could not appear in the official religious calendars, but Ovid's Fasti associates her with May 1, and presents her as the ideal wife and "paragon of female Roman virtue". Then the magistrate's wife and her assistants[15] made bowers of vine-leaves, and decorated the house's banqueting hall with "all manner of growing and blooming plants" except for myrtle, whose presence and naming were expressly forbidden. [50], Images of the goddess show her enthroned, clad in chiton and mantle. Her true name is sometimes said to be Fauna, which means "She Who Wishes Well." The very name of Bona Dea is a function of this, a pseudonym literally meaning ‘good goddess’ so that the men … One was held at her Aventine temple; the other was hosted by the wife of Rome's senior Annual Magistrate for an invited group of elite matrons and female attendants. Men were barred from her mysteries and the possession of her true name. It was held in December, at the home of the current senior annual Roman magistrate cum imperio, whether consul or praetor. [57], Bona Dea's is the only known festival in which women could gather at night, drink strong, sacrificial-grade wine and perform a blood sacrifice. Her temple was cared for and attended by women [13], The goddess also had a Winter festival, attested on only two occasions (63 and 62 BC). [33] Other state cults to the goddess are found at Ostia and Portus. It was an important centre of healing; it held a store of various medicinal herbs that could be dispensed at need by its priestesses. Pris de remords, il la rendit immortelle. Some Romans kept live, harmless snakes as household pets, and credited them with similarly beneficial functions. Fille de Faunus, elle eut à défendre sa vertu contre les agressions incestueuses de son père. For Servius, this makes her the paragon of chaste womanhood. [4], Based on what little they knew of her rites and attributes, Roman historians speculated her true name and identity. [23] He had been correctly absent from the rites but as a paterfamilias he was responsible for their piety. At other times, they might drink weak, sweetened, or diluted wine in moderation but Roman traditionalists believed that in the more distant and virtuous past, this was forbidden,[59] "for fear that they might lapse into some disgraceful act.

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